Elderly Mental Health At a Glance
Geriatric mental health is a complex and growing concern. They include depression, anxiety, dementia and loneliness to mention a few. This write up aims to sensitize the readers about mental disorders, to identify them and seek timely help. Keeping it far from medical jargons, let's briefly examine their potential remedies
Depression also known as low mood, loss of interest in previously interesting activities and disturbed sleep. Psychotherapy is talk therapy, like cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT), can be effective in treating depression in older adults. Effectively imparted by Psychiatrist and trained psychotherapist. Antidepressant medications may help with apt dosing from a geriatrician and/or psychiatrist. Physical activity in form of regular exercise can improve mood and overall well-being. Social engagement encourages older adults to stay socially active and connected with family and friends can help combat depression.
Anxiety disorders manifested as feeling of worry disrupting daily activities. It comprises of panic attacks, obsession - compulsion and post traumatic stress disorder. Medications are usually prescribed to manage severe anxiety. Mostly, counseling sessions by qualified personnel can help individuals manage anxiety and develop tailored coping strategies. Relaxation Techniques like deep breathing, meditation, and progressive muscle relaxation can reduce anxiety.
Dementia refers to impaired ability to think, remember, process information and so on. Part of normal ageing process affecting daily routine , in turn, invites mental stress for patient as well as care givers. Alzheimer's Disease (AD) , Fronto -Temporal Dementia (FTD) are popular examples. Pharmacological intervention is less effective but some medications can provide symptom relief to some extent in Alzheimer's Disease. Non pharmacological approach such as engaging in mentally stimulating activities can help maintain cognitive function and creating a safe and supportive living environment is crucial for those with dementia.
Loneliness and Social Isolation amongst elderly population is more of a social impediment than medical. Although, medical consequences cannot be denied in the course. During my home call schedules, I realised that, even if an old couple staying together, are lonely individually if not isolated. The reason being small units and fading jointness in the families from the beginning. Also, less social interactions over time gets an individual isolated with self worth at stake. Needless to say, depression engulfs with time. The remedy is Staying connected with senior citizens in form of participation in community activities, clubs - volunteering to combat loneliness. Video calls and social media to see an talk to loved ones. Services like meal delivery and transportation assistance can help seniors to carry out activity of daily living.
Bereavement and Grief - losing a beloved is a big deal for an elderly. They become more emotionally labile and usually takes longer to put themselves together. Three to four weeks is good enough to come out grief. More than this may impact health negatively and hence grief counseling can help individuals cope with the loss of a loved one. Joining support groups can provide a sense of community with others who have experienced loss. Proper niche to seek help is at a mental health expert set up where counsellors and other support staff are available.
Cognitive decline refers to aged brain's inability to process information such as decision making, calculations etcetera. Nerve connections which transmit signals degenerate in the course of ageing. A healthy diet, physical activity, and mental stimulation can help maintain cognitive function. These intervention, if practised, regularly definitely benefit in form of improved quality of life and delay slowing of brain ageing. Some medications may help slow cognitive decline in conditions like mild cognitive impairment. Underlying cause should be sought and treated.
Sleep Disorder hinders majorly in wholesome health of geriatric population. For instance, sleeplessness and snoring. While sleeplessness affects memory and snoring - heart health. Sleep Hygiene is to encourage good sleep habits, such as a regular sleep schedule, refraining from screens before sleep, read book instead and a comfortable sleeping environment. Staying physically active contributes positively to quality of sleep. Doctor may prescribe sleep medications on select basis.
Substance Abuse for instance alcohol abuse and tobacco chewing is prevalent. Treatment Program can help older adults struggling with substance abuse. Participation in support groups tailored to older individuals can be beneficial. Nevertheless, they play a crucial role.
To sum up, older adults should receive a comprehensive assessment by an elderly care specialist with Psychiatrist in loop to determine the most appropriate treatment and interventions for their specific mental health issues. The approach may vary depending on the individual's unique needs and circumstances. Additionally, involving family members and caregivers in the care plan can provide valuable support. Community exercise schedules positively impact mental health and should be encouraged.
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Dr Akshat Khandekar
Family and Geriatric Medicine Physician
drakshat@amarcare.in